Engine
One of the most important things that determine the performance and
life of the engine is the lubricant or the engine oil. The oil level
must be checked at regular intervals, at least once in every two weeks,
and before a long trip. This can be done by opening the bonnet and
pulling out the dipstick. The dipstick is calibrated and it will
indicate the level of oil.
The dashboard of almost all cars have an
engine oil light or some other indication. This comes on when the engine
is low on oil and lubrication is not happening properly. Therefore, it
is to be taken as warning light. Check the oil level immediately and if
low, fill it. Do not drive on low engine oil. Normally, when you turn on
the ignition, the oil pressure light should glow only for a moment and
then go off. If it persists, it could be a serious matter and should be
examined by a competent person. An engine not having proper oil pressure
means that lubrication is not taking place and could result in the
serious breakdown of the engine. They too should be checked or replaced.
Regularly check the tension of the fan belt and its condition from
outside. It is important to keep in mind that it operates crucial engine
accessories like the water pump, alternator etc.
Cooling System
The cooling system is important to protect the engine from overheating.
The water coolant level should be checked at least once in a fortnight,
and more frequently during the summers. The ratio of water to the
coolant should be equal. Particular attention should be paid to the
water level in the radiator when the engine is cold. Normally radiators
have rated pressure caps. When the coolant reaches a very high
temperature, it forces its way through a valve in the pressure cap. The
overflow is then collected into the pressure coolant reservoir. When the
engine oil is cool, the overflow is drawn back by the volume
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